Giardiázy

Giardiázy is an intestinal illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Giardia duodenalis, also known as Giardia lamblia or Giardia intestinalis. This parasite is found worldwide in the feces of infected humans and animals. The infection is transmitted through the ingestion of cysts, which are the dormant form of the parasite. This can happen by consuming contaminated food or water, or by person-to-person contact, particularly in daycare settings or through oral-anal contact.

Symptoms of giardiázy typically appear one to two weeks after infection and can include diarrhea, gas, greasy stools, stomach cramps or pain, nausea, and dehydration. Some infected individuals may have no symptoms at all. The illness can range in severity from mild and short-lived to severe and prolonged. Diagnosis is usually made through stool samples that are examined for the presence of Giardia cysts or trophozoites.

Giardiázy is treatable with prescription medications. It is important to practice good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, especially after using the toilet or changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food, to prevent the spread of infection. Drinking safe, treated water and properly cooking food are also important preventive measures. In many developed countries, giardiázy is one of the most common waterborne diseases.