Gelenkinstabilitäten

Gelenkinstabilitäten, also known as joint instability, refers to an abnormal or excessive movement within a joint. This can occur when the ligaments, which are tough bands of tissue that connect bones to each other, are stretched, torn, or weakened. Muscles and tendons also play a crucial role in stabilizing joints, and their dysfunction can contribute to instability.

Common causes of joint instability include acute injuries such as sprains and dislocations, where the joint is forced beyond its normal range of motion. Chronic instability can develop over time due to repetitive stress, underlying medical conditions like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or previous injuries that did not heal properly. The severity of joint instability can range from mild looseness to complete dislocation.

Symptoms of joint instability vary depending on the affected joint and the degree of instability. Patients may experience pain, a feeling of the joint giving way or buckling, recurrent dislocations, swelling, and a reduced range of motion. Instability can affect any joint in the body, but it is most common in the shoulder, knee, ankle, and wrist.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination to assess the joint's range of motion and stability, along with imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to evaluate the extent of damage to ligaments, cartilage, or bone. Treatment approaches depend on the severity and cause of the instability and may include conservative measures like rest, physical therapy to strengthen supporting muscles, bracing, or surgical intervention to repair damaged ligaments or reconstruct the joint's supportive structures.