Gastrostomier

A gastrostomy is a surgical procedure to create an opening from the outside of the abdomen into the stomach. This opening is called a gastrostomy or stoma. The most common reason for creating a gastrostomy is to provide a route for feeding a person who cannot eat or drink by mouth. This is often necessary for individuals with conditions that affect swallowing, such as stroke, certain cancers, or neurological disorders.

The procedure can be performed using different techniques. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the most common method. In a PEG, an endoscope is passed down the throat to visualize the stomach, and then a tube is inserted through the abdominal wall into the stomach under endoscopic guidance. Surgical gastrostomy is another option, where the opening is created during an open or laparoscopic surgery.

Once the gastrostomy is in place, a tube, often called a G-tube, is inserted through the stoma. This tube allows for the delivery of liquid nutrition, medications, and sometimes fluids directly into the stomach. The gastrostomy site requires regular cleaning to prevent infection and maintain the health of the surrounding skin.

Gastrostomies can be temporary or permanent, depending on the underlying medical condition. While they are a vital tool for nutritional support, potential complications can include infection at the stoma site, blockage of the tube, or leakage of stomach contents. Healthcare professionals provide guidance on stoma care and management to minimize these risks.