Gastrinfrisättningen

Gastrinfrisättningen refers to the release of gastrin, a peptide hormone primarily produced by G cells in the stomach's pyloric antrum. Its main role is to stimulate the secretion of gastric acid by parietal cells in the stomach lining. This acid is crucial for protein digestion and the killing of ingested microorganisms.

The release of gastrin is regulated by several factors. The presence of food, particularly proteins and amino acids, in the stomach is a potent stimulator. Mechanical stretching of the stomach wall also triggers gastrin release. Conversely, a low pH in the stomach inhibits gastrin secretion through a negative feedback mechanism. Somatostatin, another hormone produced in the stomach, also plays an inhibitory role.

Gastrin has several effects beyond acid secretion. It promotes gastric motility, helping to mix food with gastric juices and move it towards the small intestine. It also stimulates the growth of the gastric mucosa.

Dysregulation of gastrinfrisättningen can lead to various gastrointestinal disorders. Excessive gastrin release, known as hypergastrinemia, can occur in conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, where tumors produce gastrin, leading to severe peptic ulcers. Conversely, conditions that reduce stomach acid production can also affect gastrin levels. Understanding gastrinfrisättningen is therefore important for diagnosing and managing these conditions.