Gangtok

Gangtok is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Sikkim. Located in the eastern Himalayan region, it sits on a series of ridges at an elevation of about 1,650 meters above sea level. The city serves as the administrative and commercial hub for the state, housing government offices, the governor’s residence, and the Sikkim Legislative Assembly.

Name and history: The name Gangtok is derived from local languages meaning hilltop or crest. The area has long been the center of political and cultural life for Sikkim, with the Namgyal dynasty establishing the capital there in the 17th century and maintaining it as the administrative seat through the modern era.

Geography and climate: Gangtok lies on the slopes of the Himalaya, offering views of Kanchenjunga on clear days. The climate is cool temperate, with mild summers and chilly winters; the monsoon season brings heavy rainfall from June to September.

Economy and transport: The economy is driven by government services, tourism, and related sectors. The city is connected by road to the plains via National Highway 10, and air access is available through Pakyong Airport, located about 30–35 kilometers away. The nearest major railheads are in New Jalpaiguri and Siliguri.

Culture and attractions: Key sites include MG Marg, a pedestrianized shopping and dining street; Do Drul Chorten Stupa; Enchey Monastery; and the Namgyal Institute of Tibetology. Rumtek Monastery is nearby. Tourism serves as a major economic activity, with excursions to Tsomgo Lake and other East Sikkim destinations.

Education and demographics: Gangtok is home to Sikkim University and several colleges. The population reflects a mix of Lepcha, Bhutia, and Nepali communities, with English and Nepali widely used in daily life.