Sikkim

Sikkim is a northeastern Indian state located in the eastern Himalayas. It is bordered by Nepal to the west, Bhutan to the east, and the Tibet (Tibet Autonomous Region) to the north and northeast, with the Indian state of West Bengal to the south. The capital and largest city is Gangtok. Sikkim covers 7,096 square kilometers and features a range of altitudes and climates.

Geography and environment: The state is highly mountainous, including parts of the Kanchenjunga range. It contains protected areas such as Khangchendzonga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The terrain ranges from subtropical valleys to alpine peaks, contributing to diverse ecosystems and tourism opportunities.

Demographics and culture: Sikkim has a mix of ethnic communities, including Nepali-speaking groups, Lepcha, and Bhutia. As of the 2011 census, the population was about 610,000. English is an official language; Nepali is the lingua franca, with Lepcha and Bhutia also recognized. Hinduism is the majority religion, with Buddhism playing a significant role among certain communities. The state is known for its Buddhist monasteries and cultural festivals.

Government and economy: Sikkim is a state within the Republic of India, governed by a democratically elected government. The Legislative Assembly comprises 32 seats; the state sends one member to the Lok Sabha and one to the Rajya Sabha. The economy is driven by tourism, agriculture, and hydropower, with Sikkim being India’s first fully organic farming state in 2016. Cardamom, oranges, and apples are among its notable crops.

Transportation and development: The state emphasizes eco-tourism, conservation, and sustainable development, supported by improving road and air connections to regional hubs.