GRE

The GRE stands for Graduate Record Examinations, a standardized assessment administered by the Educational Testing Service (ETS). It is used in admissions to many graduate programs and some professional schools worldwide to evaluate a candidate’s readiness for advanced study. The exam is offered in two formats: the GRE General Test, which assesses general reasoning and writing skills, and GRE Subject Tests, which measure knowledge in specific disciplines.

The GRE General Test evaluates Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, and Analytical Writing. Verbal Reasoning tests reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and vocabulary in context. Quantitative Reasoning covers basic math, algebra, geometry, and data interpretation. Analytical Writing requires the examination of an issue and analysis of an argument, producing written responses that demonstrate critical thinking and clear writing. The General Test is typically computer-delivered, with occasional paper-delivered administrations in locations without computer-based testing.

Scores are reported on a 130-170 scale for Verbal and Quantitative Reasoning, in 1-point increments, and a separate Analytical Writing score on a 0-6 scale in half-point increments. Scores are valid for five years and can be sent to individual institutions, often with a fee per additional recipient.

GRE Subject Tests are separate, subject-specific assessments in fields such as Biology, Chemistry, Literature in English, Mathematics, Physics, and Psychology. They are used by some programs to gauge depth of knowledge in a discipline and are not universally required.

The GRE remains one of several factors in graduate admissions, alongside transcripts, letters of recommendation, resumes, and research experience. Critics note uneven access and test-score emphasis in some admissions practices. Prospective examinees should verify requirements with target programs.