Fényzáró

Fényzáró is a device or material that blocks or regulates the passage of light to create a light-tight environment or to control exposure in optical and imaging systems. The term combines fény (light) and záró (closing device) and is used in Hungarian to describe components that prevent unwanted light from entering an enclosure or distorting an image.

Forms and mechanisms vary by application. In cameras and imaging instruments, a fényzáró can be a shutter, either mechanical or electronic, that opens briefly to expose film or a sensor. In fixed installations, light-tight doors, lids, or covers use gaskets and opaque materials to seal compartments from stray light. In laboratory and manufacturing equipment, light seals, baffles, and light-tight housings protect sensors and samples from ambient illumination.

Materials and construction considerations include opacity across the relevant wavelengths, the presence of effective seals to prevent leaks, durability under use conditions, and compatibility with operating environments. Common light-blocking materials are opaque fabrics, rubber or foam gaskets, metal shutters, and rigid plastics with non-transmissive coatings.

Applications span photography (from traditional film to digital sensors), darkroom processing, spectroscopic and photometric instruments, microscopy, photolithography, and astronomy—contexts where stray light can degrade results or imaging quality. Proper fényzáró design helps ensure exposure accuracy, image clarity, and measurement reliability by eliminating unwanted light and preventing fogging of detectors.

See also: camera shutter, light seal, darkroom, photolithography.