Fæðingargöllum

Fæðingargöllum, a term originating from Icelandic, translates to "birth defects" in English. This refers to structural or functional abnormalities present at birth that can affect almost any part of the body. These conditions can range from mild to severe and may impact physical appearance, organ function, or intellectual development. The causes of birth defects are diverse and can include genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. Certain maternal health conditions, such as diabetes or infections during pregnancy, as well as exposure to certain medications, alcohol, or chemicals, can increase the risk. In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown. Diagnosis can occur during pregnancy through prenatal screening and diagnostic tests, or after birth through physical examination and further medical investigations. Treatment and management of birth defects vary widely depending on the specific condition and its severity, and may involve surgery, medication, therapy, or ongoing medical care. While some birth defects can be prevented through proactive health measures before and during pregnancy, others cannot. Research continues to explore the underlying causes and develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies.