Fázis

Fázis is a term used across science and technology, meaning a distinct portion or stage within a system that shares uniform properties. It can refer to a state of matter, a stage in a process, or the position within a cyclic phenomenon.

In physics and chemistry, a phase is a homogeneous region of matter with uniform chemical composition and physical properties. Substances may exist in different phases under certain temperature and pressure, e.g., water as ice, liquid water, or steam. Phase transitions occur when conditions change, involving latent heat and changes in structure. Phase diagrams map the stability of phases; the Gibbs phase rule describes the number of phases in equilibrium for a given system. In mixtures, multiple phases can co-exist, such as oil and water forming separate liquid phases.

In the context of oscillations and signals, phase refers to the relative timing of periodic functions. The phase angle indicates how far a wave is shifted in time relative to a reference. Phase differences between voltage and current affect power flow; phasors give a compact representation in the complex plane.

The term is also used to describe steps in a process or project (project management phases: initiation, planning, execution, closure) and stages of development in biology or technology.