Fundusvizsgálat

Fundusvizsgálat, also known as fundoscopy or ophthalmoscopy, is a medical examination of the fundus of the eye. The fundus is the posterior part of the eye, which includes the retina, optic disc, macula, and blood vessels. This examination allows a healthcare professional to visualize these structures and detect various eye conditions and systemic diseases that may affect the eyes.

The procedure is typically performed using an ophthalmoscope, a handheld instrument that illuminates the eye and magnifies the view of the fundus. There are two main types of ophthalmoscopes: direct and indirect. A direct ophthalmoscope provides a magnified, upright image of a smaller area of the fundus. An indirect ophthalmoscope, often used with a condensing lens, provides a wider, inverted image of a larger portion of the fundus. Before the examination, eye drops may be administered to dilate the pupil, which provides a clearer and larger view of the fundus.

Fundus examination is a crucial diagnostic tool. It helps in the early detection of conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, macular degeneration, hypertensive retinopathy, and optic nerve disorders. It can also reveal signs of other systemic diseases like multiple sclerosis, leukemia, and even certain brain tumors by observing changes in the optic disc. The results of the fundusvizsgálat inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring of various ocular and systemic health issues.