Freeelectronlaserit
Freeelectronlaserit, often abbreviated as FELs, are a unique type of laser that generates intense beams of electromagnetic radiation. Unlike conventional lasers that use a gain medium such as a crystal or gas, FELs utilize a beam of electrons that travel at relativistic speeds through a periodic magnetic structure. This structure, known as an undulator or wiggler, consists of alternating magnets that force the electrons to oscillate. As the electrons wiggle, they emit synchrotron radiation.
The key principle behind FEL operation is the interaction between the oscillating electron beam and the electromagnetic
FELs are capable of producing radiation across a wide spectrum, from infrared to X-rays. This tunability and