Fp1

Fp1 is an electrode position defined in the international 10-20 system for electroencephalography (EEG). The designation stands for frontal pole left, indicating its location on the left frontal pole of the scalp. It is used to record electrical activity from the anterior part of the left frontal cortex.

Placement and anatomy: Fp1 is situated on the forehead at the frontal pole region on the left side, near the hairline. It is paired with Fp2 on the right. As part of the 10-20 system, Fp1 is defined relative to cranial landmarks and the nasion-inion axis, and it is commonly used in conjunction with other frontal electrodes to map frontal brain activity.

Function and uses: In EEG recording, Fp1 captures activity from the left frontal pole and is commonly employed in research on executive function, emotion processing, and sleep. Clinically, it can contribute to lateralized assessments in epilepsy evaluation and other frontal lobe assessments. Typical EEG montages may use Fp1 with an appropriate reference (such as Fz, AFz, or an average reference) to analyze frontal dynamics.

Artifacts and considerations: The Fp region is prone to artifacts from eye movements and blinks due to its proximity to the eyes and forehead. Proper impedance, preparation, and artifact mitigation are important for reliable data from Fp1.

See also: 10-20 system, Fp2, frontal pole, electroencephalography.

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