Fotokonduktif

Fotokonduktif refers to a material that decreases its electrical resistance when exposed to electromagnetic radiation, such as light. This phenomenon is known as photoconductivity. When photons strike a fotokonduktif material, they excite electrons, freeing them from their atomic bonds and increasing the number of charge carriers available to conduct electricity. This results in a measurable increase in the material's conductivity.

The sensitivity of a fotokonduktif material to different wavelengths of light depends on its specific composition and electronic band structure. Some materials are sensitive to visible light, while others respond to ultraviolet or infrared radiation. The magnitude of the resistance change is also dependent on the intensity of the incident radiation.

Fotokonduktif materials are utilized in a variety of electronic devices. Photoconductive cells, for instance, are commonly used in light-sensing applications like automatic streetlights, light meters, and camera exposure controls. In these devices, a change in ambient light causes a corresponding change in the cell's resistance, which can then trigger an electrical circuit. Another application is in certain types of image sensors, where arrays of fotokonduktif elements convert incoming light into electrical signals for digital imaging. The speed at which the material responds to light and returns to its dark resistance state is also an important characteristic for many applications.