Forderungsklagen

Forderungsklagen, which translates to "claim actions" or "actions for payment" in English, are a common type of civil lawsuit in German law. They are initiated by a creditor (Kläger) against a debtor (Beklagter) to enforce a monetary claim. This claim typically arises from a contractual obligation, such as an unpaid invoice for goods or services, or from a non-contractual obligation, like compensation for damages. The primary goal of a Forderungsklage is to obtain a court order (Urteil) that compels the debtor to pay the outstanding amount.

The legal process for a Forderungsklage generally begins with the filing of a statement of claim (Klageschrift) by the creditor's attorney with the competent court. The debtor is then summoned to respond to the claim. If the debtor fails to respond or acknowledges the debt, the court may issue a default judgment (Versäumnisurteil) or a judgment by confession (Anerkenntnisurteil). If the debtor disputes the claim, a trial will take place where both parties present evidence and arguments. Successful creditors can then initiate enforcement proceedings to collect the awarded sum, often through the seizure of the debtor's assets. Forderungsklagen are a crucial mechanism for ensuring the enforceability of financial obligations within the German legal system.