Fondamentalizm

Fondamentalizmi is a term used to describe a movement or ideology characterized by strict adherence to a set of core principles, often seen as foundational or essential. While the term is most commonly associated with religious contexts, particularly certain branches of Protestant Christianity in the United States, it can also be applied to other belief systems and political ideologies.

In its religious application, fundamentalism typically emphasizes a literal interpretation of sacred texts and a rejection of modern theological or scientific interpretations that are perceived to undermine these core beliefs. Key tenets often include the divine inspiration of scripture, the virgin birth of Jesus, his atoning sacrifice, his bodily resurrection, and the imminent second coming. Fundamentalist movements often arise in response to perceived threats from secularism, liberalism, or modernism, seeking to preserve what they view as unchanging truths.

Beyond religion, the concept of fundamentalism can describe any group or individual committed to an unyielding adherence to a particular set of doctrines or values, resisting compromise or adaptation. This can manifest in political stances, social activism, or even intellectual pursuits where a core set of ideas is defended with unwavering conviction. The label fundamentalist is sometimes used pejoratively to criticize perceived inflexibility or extremism.