Flervärdeslogik

Flervärdeslogik, sometimes translated as many-valued logic or fuzzy logic, is a formal system that departs from classical logic by allowing for truth values beyond simply "true" and "false." In classical two-valued logic, a proposition must be either entirely true or entirely false. Flervärdeslogik, however, introduces intermediate truth values.

The most common forms of flervärdeslogik extend this binary system to include degrees of truth. For example, a proposition might be considered "partially true," "somewhat false," or have a truth value represented by a number between 0 and 1, where 0 typically represents absolute falsity and 1 represents absolute truth. This allows for a more nuanced representation of statements that are not definitively black or white.

The development of flervärdeslogik was motivated by the need to model real-world phenomena and human reasoning, which often involve ambiguity and imprecision. Applications can be found in areas such as artificial intelligence, control systems, and decision theory, where systems need to handle uncertainty and make decisions based on incomplete or vague information. Different systems of flervärdeslogik exist, each with its own set of logical operators and truth-value assignments, but the core principle remains the allowance of more than two truth states.