Flamehæmmende

Flamehæmmende, often translated as flame retardant, refers to a chemical compound or mixture added to materials to inhibit or slow down the spread of fire. These substances work through various mechanisms, including absorbing heat, releasing water vapor, or forming a protective char layer on the material's surface. The goal of flame retardants is to increase the time available for evacuation and firefighting, thereby reducing property damage and loss of life.

Different types of flame retardants exist, each with specific applications and modes of action. Halogenated flame retardants, such as those containing bromine or chlorine, are highly effective but have raised environmental and health concerns due to their persistence and potential toxicity. Phosphorus-based flame retardants are another common category, working by promoting char formation and interfering with combustion reactions in the gas phase. Mineral-based flame retardants, like aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, release water upon heating, which cools the material and dilutes flammable gases.

Flame retardants are incorporated into a wide range of products, including textiles, plastics, electronics, construction materials, and furniture. Their use is often mandated by regulations to meet specific fire safety standards. While crucial for safety, the development and application of flame retardants also involve considerations for environmental impact, human health, and the recyclability of treated materials. Ongoing research aims to create more sustainable and effective flame retardant solutions.