Filarzycy

Filarzycy, also known as filariasis, is a group of tropical diseases caused by thread-like worms called filarial nematodes. These parasites are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily of the genus Culex. The most common types of filarzycy are lymphatic filariasis, which affects the lymphatic system, and onchocerciasis, which primarily affects the eyes and skin.

Lymphatic filariasis can lead to severe swelling and elephantiasis, where the limbs become severely enlarged and disfigured. It can also cause hydrocele, a swelling of the scrotum, and lymphoedema, a chronic swelling of the limbs. Onchocerciasis, on the other hand, can cause severe itching, skin lesions, and blindness due to the worms blocking the drainage of the eyes.

Filarzycy is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Africa, Asia, and South America. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 120 million people are at risk of infection, and millions are already infected. The disease is a significant public health issue, as it can lead to significant disability and social stigma.

Prevention and control of filarzycy involve vector control measures, such as the use of insecticides and the distribution of insecticide-treated nets. Treatment options include the use of anthelmintic drugs, such as ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine. Vaccines are also being developed to prevent filarzycy, with the first vaccine, MfV-23, approved for use in Africa in 2019.