Fibromelanosis

Fibromelanosis is a descriptive term used in veterinary medicine, particularly in the context of dermatology in dogs. It refers to the presence of both fibroma-like and melanocyte-like cellular components within a skin lesion. Essentially, it describes a benign tumor or growth that has characteristics of both fibrous tissue (fibroma) and pigmented cells (melanocytes). This can result in a lesion that is firm to the touch and may have a dark or variable color.

The term fibromelanosis is not a distinct disease entity but rather a histological description of a specific type of cutaneous neoplasm. Lesions described as fibromelanomas are typically found on the skin and are usually benign, meaning they do not spread to other parts of the body. They are often solitary but can sometimes occur in multiples.

Diagnosis of fibromelanosis is made through histopathological examination of a biopsy sample. The microscopic appearance reveals the mixed cellular populations. Clinically, these lesions may vary in size, shape, and color, ranging from pinkish-tan to dark brown or black. Their appearance can sometimes make them clinically indistinguishable from other types of skin tumors, hence the importance of biopsy. Treatment usually involves surgical excision if the lesion is causing discomfort, is cosmetically undesirable, or if there is any doubt about its benign nature.