Fatigare

Fatigare is a Latin verb meaning to weary, tire out, or exhaust. In classical Latin it appears as the infinitive form fatigare and was used transitively to indicate causing weariness in another or something, as well as intransitively in phrases describing becoming fatigued. The verb belongs to the first conjugation and has a range of tense forms in Latin literature.

The term is the source of the English noun fatigue and the related verb fatigue through Old French fatique/fatigue and medieval and early modern English usage. In Latin, the concept of fatigure gave rise to expressions describing physical effort, labor, and wear, themes that carried into the development of related terms in many Romance languages, such as Spanish fatigar, French fatiguer, Italian affaticare, and Portuguese fatigar.

In modern English, fatigue denotes weariness or a reduced capacity to perform due to exertion. It can be physical, mental, or combined, and may be temporary or chronic. Medical usage characterizes fatigue as a subjective sense of tiredness not fully relieved by rest, often associated with illness, stress, sleep disruption, or anemia, among other causes. Chronic fatigue syndrome (also called myalgic encephalomyelitis) is a recognized condition describing prolonged, disabling fatigue with other symptoms.

Summary: fatigare is a classical Latin verb meaning to weary or exhaust, historically influencing the English word fatigue and its derivatives in numerous languages. The modern term covers both general weariness and specific medical contexts.