Fahrzeugdecks

Fahrzeugdecks, or vehicle decks, are decks on ships designed to carry wheeled vehicles. They are a core feature of roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) vessels and many ferries, barges, and inland ships, enabling efficient loading and unloading of cars, trucks, trailers, and machinery without the use of cranes or other cargo-handling gear.

Construction and features: Vehicle decks use reinforced steel floors capable of bearing concentrated axle loads. Surfaces are typically non-slip and drained for rain, fuel, and wash-downs. They include robust lashing points, lane markings, and interfaces for ramps to the quay and to other decks. Adequate ventilation and fire protection are important, as is corrosion protection and reliable drainage.

Layout and operation: In multi-deck RoRo vessels, several continuous decks provide stowage space. Vehicles are driven on, parked in designated lanes, and restrained with lashings or guide systems as required. Ramps connect the vehicle decks to the shore facilities and to other decks. Weight distribution and stowage plans are used to maintain ship stability.

Types and applications: Some ships have a single vehicle deck; larger RoRo ships use multiple decks or mezzanines. Some inland vessels use fixed decks or mobile lifts. The design may include passenger areas on the same vessel with separate vehicle access.

Safety and regulation: Vehicle decks must comply with SOLAS, IACS, and national rules regarding fire protection, ventilation, detection, and means of escape, as well as procedures for handling hazardous cargo like fuels or batteries. Proper loading, restraint, and maintenance are essential for safe operation.