Fachsprache

Fachsprache, literally "specialized language," is a linguistic register used in a specific professional or academic domain to convey precise concepts and procedures. It comprises specialized vocabulary, defined terms, and conventional phrases that are commonly understood by members of the field. In German contexts, it is often studied together with Fachterminologie (terminology) and Nomenklatur (nomenclature), and it is supported by style guides and standards.

Features of Fachsprache include terminology that names phenomena, processes, and measurements; a tendency toward precision, unambiguity, and reproducibility; and discourse conventions such as the use of definitions, unit systems, and, in many German texts, nominalizations and relatively formal syntax. Fachsprache serves to facilitate clear and efficient communication among experts, aid documentation and instruction, and support decision-making and safety in professional settings.

Fachsprache varies across fields and can present barriers to non-specialists. Therefore, translation, glossaries, or explanations are common in public-facing texts. It often coexists with general language in education, media, and cross-disciplinary work.

In daily practice, Fachsprache is developed and maintained through terminological work, standardization bodies, glossaries, and domain-specific literature. It forms part of professional communication, technical writing, and knowledge transfer.

See also: Fachterminologie, Jargon, Terminology, Technical writing, Professional communication.