Facetotomy

Facetotomy is a surgical procedure performed on the facet joints of the spine. These joints, located on the back of the vertebrae, provide stability and allow for movement. A facetotomy involves the removal of a portion of the facet joint, typically the inferior or superior articular facet. This procedure is often undertaken to alleviate pain caused by conditions such as facet joint arthropathy or spinal stenosis.

The surgery is usually performed through a minimally invasive approach, which involves making a small incision and using specialized instruments. The goal is to decompress nerves that may be impinging on the facet joint or surrounding structures. By removing a small part of the bone, surgeons aim to reduce pressure and alleviate symptoms like localized back pain, radiating pain, or numbness and tingling. Recovery times can vary depending on the extent of the procedure and the individual patient's health.

Facetotomy is distinct from a facetectomy, which involves the complete removal of the facet joint. It is also different from a laminectomy, which removes the lamina, a broader part of the vertebra. The decision to perform a facetotomy is made after a thorough diagnostic evaluation, including imaging studies and clinical assessment, to confirm that the facet joint is the source of the patient's pain. While it can offer relief for certain spinal conditions, potential risks and benefits are discussed with the patient before proceeding with surgery.