Facepiece

A facepiece is the portion of a respirator that forms the user’s point of contact with the air supply and seals against the face. It is designed to cover the nose and mouth and, in full-face designs, the eyes as well. Facepieces are used with either filtering elements or supplied air to protect against inhalation hazards in industrial, healthcare, and emergency settings.

Two common forms are half-facepieces, which cover the nose and mouth; and full-facepieces, which also seal around the eyes with a transparent lens. The facepiece may be made from elastomeric material such as silicone or rubber, with adjustable head straps, a seal or gasket, and openings for inhalation and exhalation valves. Some facepieces include a speech diaphragm to aid communication. Additionally, many facepieces accommodate interchangeable filters or cartridges, plus lenses in full-face units.

Operation involves creating a secure seal and directing inhaled air through filters or a supplied-air line, while exhaled air exits through an exhalation valve. Performance depends on a proper fit to the wearer’s face; facial hair, certain facial structures, or improper donning can compromise protection. Compatibility with eye protection is a consideration for full-facepieces.

Maintenance requires regular inspection before use, cleaning according to manufacturer instructions, occasional seal replacement, and fit testing for tight-fitting models. They should be stored dry and undamaged.

Regulatory context varies by country, but facepieces used for hazardous exposures are typically subject to occupational safety standards and approvals by relevant authorities (such as NIOSH in the United States). They are used with additional PPE and paired with eyewear, face shields, or hoods as appropriate.