FGF19FGF21

FGF19FGF21 refers to a fusion protein combining fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). This engineered molecule is designed to leverage the distinct biological activities of both parent FGFs. FGF19 is known for its role in regulating bile acid metabolism, primarily by acting on the FGFR4 receptor in the liver. FGF21, on the other hand, is involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, with a broader range of target tissues and receptors, including FGFR1c, FGFR2c, and FGFR3c, typically in complex with the co-receptor beta-klotho.

The development of FGF19FGF21 aims to combine the metabolic benefits of both FGF19 and FGF21 into a single therapeutic agent. This fusion protein has been investigated for its potential in treating metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). By conjugating these two factors, researchers aim to achieve enhanced efficacy, potentially through synergistic effects or improved pharmacokinetic properties. Studies have explored its impact on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and liver health. The specific signaling pathways activated and the resulting physiological outcomes are dependent on the precise structure of the fusion and the cellular context. Further research is ongoing to fully elucidate its therapeutic potential and safety profile.