FFP

FFP is an acronym that can refer to several concepts across different fields. The three most widely recognized meanings are Fresh Frozen Plasma in medicine, Filtering Face Piece respirators in occupational safety, and Financial Fair Play in European football governance.

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is plasma separated from whole blood and frozen within a short period after collection to preserve coagulation factors. It is used to treat coagulation factor deficiencies, to reverse warfarin in major bleeding, and for certain transfusion protocols. FFP is stored at -18°C or colder and thawed before use; compatibility is ABO-compatible. It is screened for infectious agents and subject to viral inactivation steps. It is not a volume expander and is used to replace specific factors rather than to raise blood volume.

Filtering Face Piece (FFP) respirators are face masks designed to protect the wearer from inhaling airborne particles. EN 149 defines three classes: FFP1, FFP2, and FFP3, with increasing filtration efficiency. FFP2 is roughly equivalent to the N95 standard used in some regions. These devices require a proper seal and user training for effectiveness and are distinct from surgical masks. They protect against dusts and aerosols but may not protect against all hazards; selection depends on the hazard and exposure duration.

Financial Fair Play (FFP) refers to UEFA's rules intended to ensure clubs balance their budgets and avoid unsustainable losses. Key mechanisms include annual break-even targets, monitoring of revenues and expenditures, and sanctions for non-compliance. Introduced in the early 2010s, FFP aims to promote long-term financial stability and competitive balance. Critics argue it can disadvantage underfunded clubs and favor wealthy owners or self-sustaining models; supporters contend it helps curb reckless spending and debt. Its impact on transfers and club strategies has been widely debated since implementation.