Extraterritoriális

Extraterritoriality refers to the concept that certain individuals, places, or things are exempt from the jurisdiction of the host country's laws. This exemption is typically granted based on international law, treaties, or specific agreements between states. The most common example is diplomatic immunity, where foreign diplomats and their residences are shielded from prosecution and searches by the host nation. This principle is designed to allow foreign representatives to perform their duties without fear of harassment or political interference.

Beyond diplomatic immunity, extraterritoriality can apply to international organizations, such as the United Nations, whose headquarters or offices may be granted special status. In some instances, military forces operating in a foreign country under a status of forces agreement (SOFA) may also benefit from certain extraterritorial protections, meaning that jurisdiction over offenses committed by their personnel might rest with their home country. The concept can also extend to ships and aircraft flying the flag of a particular nation, which are generally considered extensions of that nation's territory. The precise scope and application of extraterritoriality are often complex and subject to interpretation under international law.