Erechtheion

The Erechtheion is an ancient Greek temple located on the north side of the Acropolis of Athens. It was dedicated to multiple cults, notably Athena and Poseidon, and to the legendary king Erechtheus. Construction began around 421 BCE and was completed about 406 BCE, during the High Classical period. The temple was built on an uneven site and its plan is markedly asymmetrical, reflecting the complex topography and the array of sacred functions housed within.

Architecturally, the Erechtheion is distinguished by its irregular layout and a mix of ionic and doric elements. It includes several distinct parts, such as a main sanctuary and two notable porches. The South Porch, famous for its Caryatids—six draped female figures supporting the entablature—screens the entrance to the sacred precinct. The North Porch is supported by ionic columns. The building also housed sacred relics and altars associated with its respective cults.

The Caryatid figures are among the best known sculptural features of ancient Greece. In the 19th century the original Caryatids were moved to the Acropolis Museum, where they are preserved and displayed; replicas or replacements are visible on the temple today.

Today, the Erechtheion remains part of the Acropolis complex, a defining example of High Classical architecture and religious architecture in ancient Greece. It forms a key element of the UNESCO-listed Acropolis site and continues to be studied for its architectural innovation and its role in ancient Athenian cult practice.