Entmagnetisieren

Entmagnetisieren is a process used to remove residual magnetism from ferromagnetic materials. Ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, can become magnetized when exposed to a magnetic field. This residual magnetism can sometimes be undesirable, affecting the performance of sensitive electronic equipment, interfering with precision measurements, or causing components to stick together.

The most common method of entmagnetisieren is by using a demagnetizer, also known as a degausser. These devices typically generate a strong alternating magnetic field that gradually decreases in strength. As the material passes through this field, the magnetic domains within it are repeatedly reversed and then allowed to relax, effectively randomizing their orientation and thus neutralizing the overall magnetic effect.

Another method involves heating the ferromagnetic material above its Curie temperature. At this temperature, the material loses its ferromagnetic properties and becomes paramagnetic. Upon cooling, if not exposed to an external magnetic field, it will not retain significant magnetism. However, this method is often impractical due to the high temperatures involved and the potential for material alteration.

Entmagnetisieren is employed in various industries, including electronics manufacturing, precision engineering, and metalworking. It is crucial for ensuring the proper functioning of components like tools, electronic parts, and magnetic tapes.