Enstrümantasyon

Enstrümantasyon, also known as instrumentation, is the science and practice of measuring, monitoring, and controlling physical quantities using instruments and systems. In Turkish engineering and industry, the term encompasses the design, installation, calibration, and maintenance of sensors, transducers, signal conditioning, data acquisition, display, and control equipment used to automate processes.

Core components include sensors or transducers that convert a physical quantity into an electrical signal; signal conditioning such as amplification, filtering, and isolation; data acquisition systems and software; and actuators or control devices that adjust the process based on measurements. Calibration and proper documentation are essential to ensure accuracy and traceability.

Applications span laboratory research, manufacturing and process industries, energy and environmental monitoring, and healthcare. Distinctions are often made between measurement instrumentation (sensors, meters, DAQ) and process instrumentation (transmitters, controllers, valves), though modern systems integrate both into unified control loops and data platforms.

Standards and quality practices emphasize metrology, calibration intervals, and traceability to international standards. Organizations rely on ISO and IEC frameworks, such as ISO/IEC 17025 for testing and calibration laboratories and ISO 9001 for quality management. The field continues to evolve with advances in wireless sensors, IoT, and smart instrumentation.