Energí

Energí is a fundamental concept in physics and everyday life, referring to the capacity to do work. It exists in numerous forms, including kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion, and potential energy, which is stored energy due to position or state. Other common forms include thermal energy (heat), chemical energy stored in bonds, electrical energy associated with charged particles, and nuclear energy released from atomic nuclei.

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. For example, a falling object converts potential energy into kinetic energy, and a light bulb converts electrical energy into thermal and light energy. Understanding these transformations is crucial for designing and operating various systems, from power plants to biological organisms.

Energy is measured in units such as joules (J) in the International System of Units (SI), or calories and kilowatt-hours in other contexts. The availability and efficient use of energy are critical factors for societal development, influencing everything from transportation and industry to heating and communication. The study of energy encompasses a wide range of scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, and engineering.