Energiaylijäämä

Energiaylijäämä refers to a state where the energy intake of an organism, particularly humans, exceeds its energy expenditure. This means that more calories are consumed through food and drink than are used for basic metabolic functions, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food. When this imbalance persists over time, the excess energy is stored by the body, primarily as fat.

This stored energy can be a vital survival mechanism, providing reserves during periods of scarcity. However, in modern societies where food is readily available and physical activity is often limited, a chronic energy surplus is common. This can lead to a gradual increase in body weight and, if sustained, can contribute to the development of overweight and obesity.

Factors contributing to energy surplus include dietary habits characterized by high-calorie, nutrient-poor foods, large portion sizes, and frequent consumption of sugary drinks. Sedentary lifestyles, which involve minimal physical exertion, further reduce energy expenditure, exacerbating the imbalance. Conversely, reducing energy intake through dietary modifications or increasing energy expenditure through physical activity can help achieve energy balance and prevent or manage weight gain. Understanding energy surplus is fundamental to comprehending weight regulation and the prevention of obesity-related health issues.