Endokarditiszprofilaxis

Endocarditis is a serious bacterial infection that affects the inner lining of the heart, known as the endocardium. It is typically caused by bacteria that enter the bloodstream and attach to the heart valves or other structures within the heart. The most common causes of endocarditis are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species, particularly Streptococcus viridans.

Endocarditis can lead to severe complications, including heart failure, stroke, and death. It is more likely to occur in individuals with certain risk factors, such as heart valve abnormalities, intravenous drug use, recent dental procedures, and long-term use of corticosteroids. Diagnosis of endocarditis is often challenging and may require a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests, such as blood cultures and echocardiograms.

Treatment of endocarditis typically involves a combination of antibiotics and, in some cases, surgical intervention to repair damaged heart valves. The choice of antibiotics depends on the suspected causative organism and the patient's response to initial treatment. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate therapy are crucial for a favorable outcome.

Prevention of endocarditis involves avoiding activities that increase the risk of bacterial infection, such as sharing needles or using contaminated dental equipment. Individuals with known heart valve abnormalities should be cautious when undergoing dental procedures and consider using antibiotic prophylaxis. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential for monitoring and managing risk factors associated with endocarditis.