Endokardiiti

Endokardiiti is an inflammation of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. It is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection, although fungi and other microorganisms can also be responsible. The infection typically enters the bloodstream and then attaches to damaged areas of the heart, such as on a heart valve or a prosthetic valve. Risk factors for developing endokardiiti include pre-existing heart conditions like rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart defects, and the use of intravenous drugs.

Symptoms of endokardiiti can vary but often include fever, chills, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Heart murmurs may also develop or change. Diagnosis usually involves blood cultures to identify the causative organism, echocardiography to visualize the infected heart structures, and other laboratory tests. Treatment typically involves a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotics, often for several weeks. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged heart valves. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications such as heart failure, stroke, and the spread of infection to other parts of the body.