Elektronikavfall

Elektronikavfall is discarded electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) and its components after use. It includes consumer electronics such as smartphones, computers, televisions, and household appliances, as well as industrial equipment. As devices become smaller and more numerous, the amount of Elektronikavfall rises.

The waste contains valuable materials (copper, aluminium, gold, silver, rare earths) that can be recovered, but it also contains hazardous substances (lead, mercury, cadmium, brominated flame retardants, PCBs) that pose risks if released into soil, water, or air. Proper handling is essential to protect people and ecosystems.

Management: Many jurisdictions require separate collection and recycling of Elektronikavfall. Collection schemes, take-back programs, and certified recyclers are used. Mechanical and manual dismantling, followed by material recovery and safe disposal of residuals, are typical steps. Some parts are refurbished for reuse instead of being recycled.

Regulation: EU and many countries regulate EEE under WEEE directives and related regulations; Extended Producer Responsibility places responsibility on manufacturers for collection and recycling. The Basel Convention governs international shipments of hazardous waste, including Elektronikavfall, to prevent dumping in developing countries.

Outlook: Demand for responsible e-waste management grows as volumes increase, driven by faster device turnover and increasing device complexity. Improvements focus on design for easier recycling, higher material recovery rates, and consumer awareness.