Elektrofysiologisk

Elektrofysiologisk is an adjective used to describe anything related to electrophysiology, the branch of physiology concerned with the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues. This includes how membranes generate and propagate electrical signals such as action potentials, synaptic potentials, and pacemaker rhythms. In Scandinavian usage, elektrofysiologisk appears in descriptions of experiments, data, and techniques.

Common elektrofysiologisk techniques include intracellular and extracellular recordings, patch-clamp experiments, and voltage-clamp. Non-invasive bedside and clinical methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are also electrophysiological in nature, measuring electrical activity at a macroscopic scale. Instrumentation relies on electrodes, amplifiers, and data acquisition systems; in vitro studies often use cultured neurons or cardiac tissue, whereas in vivo work may involve animal models or human subjects under appropriate approvals.

Electrophysiological study informs understanding of neuronal circuits, sensory processing, cardiac rhythm disorders, muscle physiology, and ion channel function. It supports drug testing, neuromodulation therapies, and diagnostic tools for epilepsy, arrhythmias, and neuropathies. Data are frequently interpreted with computational models that simulate ion channel dynamics and membrane potentials.

Key historical developments include early measurements of electrical activity in nerves, the Hodgkin-Huxley model of action potential generation, and advances in recording technologies. Today, elektrofysiologisk research spans basic neuroscience to clinical electrophysiology, emphasizing the integration of experimental data with modeling and imaging modalities.