Elektrivarustussüsteem

An elektrivarustussüsteem, or electrical supply system, is a network responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical energy to consumers. It typically begins with power generation plants, which can utilize various sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, hydroelectricity, or renewable energy like wind and solar. The generated electricity is then stepped up to high voltages for efficient long-distance transmission through transmission lines. These lines form a grid that connects power plants to substations. At substations, the voltage is stepped down to levels suitable for distribution. Distribution networks, often consisting of overhead lines or underground cables, then carry the electricity to individual homes, businesses, and industries. Finally, the voltage is further reduced at local distribution points or transformers to the standard voltage required by end-user appliances and equipment. The entire system is carefully managed and controlled to ensure a stable and reliable supply of electricity, responding to fluctuations in demand and potential disruptions. Safety mechanisms and protective devices are integrated throughout the system to prevent overloads, short circuits, and other hazards.