Elektreettidosimetrejä

Elektreettidosimetrejä, also known as electret dosimeters, are passive personal radiation monitoring devices. They are used to measure cumulative radiation dose received by an individual over a specific period. The core component of an electret dosimeter is an electret, which is a dielectric material that has been permanently electrically charged.

The electret is housed within a protective casing, often containing filters that allow radiation to reach the electret while preventing contamination. When ionizing radiation, such as gamma rays or X-rays, strikes the electret, it causes ionization of the surrounding air. This ionization leads to a reduction in the electret's charge. The amount of charge reduction is directly proportional to the amount of radiation absorbed.

To determine the radiation dose, the electret dosimeter is read out using a specialized instrument called an electrometer. This instrument measures the remaining charge on the electret. By comparing the initial charge (measured before deployment) with the residual charge, the total radiation dose can be calculated. These dosimeters are commonly used in healthcare settings, nuclear facilities, and research laboratories where radiation exposure is a concern. They offer advantages such as low cost, small size, and no need for external power during operation. Regular calibration is essential to ensure accurate readings.