Ekuivalent

Ekuivalent is a term used to indicate that two objects, values, or expressions bear the same value or fulfill the same role within a specified context. It denotes interchangeability under a defined relation rather than literal identity. The concept is widely used in mathematics, linguistics, computing, and the humanities to express a notion of equality that respects the rules of the given framework.

Origin and spellings: The word derives from the Latin aequivalens via French équivalent, and in Indonesian, Malay, and related languages it appears as ekuivalen or ekivalen; some texts also use ekuivalent to reflect the same idea. The exact spelling can vary by language and discipline, but the underlying idea remains consistent: two items are related by equivalence if they can stand in for one another under the defined relation.

Examples: In modular arithmetic, integers a and b are ekuivalen modulo n if n divides a−b; they belong to the same equivalence class. In programming, two functions f and g are ekuivalen if for all inputs x, f(x) = g(x) (extensionally equal). In translation studies, two sentences are considered semantically ekuivalen if they express the same meaning in a given language pair.

Related concepts include equivalence relations, equivalence classes, and notions of translation or functional equivalence. Ekuivalent as a concept emphasizes value or behavior sameness within the rules of a particular framework, rather than strict identity of form.