Einstaklingsmiðuð

Einstaklingsmiðuð is an approach used in health, social care, education, and community services that centers on the individual. It prioritizes the person’s preferences, needs, goals, and values in planning and delivering services, with active involvement from the person and, when appropriate, their family or support network in decision-making and goal setting. The term is often used in Icelandic contexts as a direct translation of “person-centered” or “individualized” care.

Core features include respect for autonomy and dignity, a holistic view of the person that considers physical, emotional, social, and cultural dimensions, and a strength-based orientation that focuses on abilities rather than deficits. It emphasizes collaboration between the person and service providers, flexibility in how services are delivered, clear and accessible communication, confidentiality, and ongoing review and adjustment of plans. Outcomes are typically defined in terms of the person’s own goals and measurable progress toward those goals.

Implementation typically involves an initial assessment and goal-setting conducted with the person, co-creation of a care or support plan, and delivery of services tailored to the person’s routines, preferences, and contexts. Regular monitoring, plain-language information, and staff training in communication, cultural competence, and shared decision-making are common components.

Applications are broad, spanning healthcare (including elder and chronic illness care), social services (disability support, mental health, child and family services), education (inclusive and individualized education plans), and housing or community programs. Benefits often include higher satisfaction, greater engagement, increased independence, and better alignment of services with individual needs, though challenges such as resource demands and balancing autonomy with safety may arise.