Eetüleenioksiidi

Eetüleenioksiidi, also known as oxirane, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H4O. It is a cyclic ether and the simplest epoxide. Eetüleenioksiidi is a colorless gas at room temperature with a sweet odor. It is highly flammable and reactive, making it a useful intermediate in the production of various chemicals.

Industrially, eetüleenioksiidi is primarily produced by the direct oxidation of ethylene with oxygen over a silver catalyst. This process is highly exothermic and requires careful control of reaction conditions. The main uses of eetüleenioksiidi are as a precursor for the production of ethylene glycol, which is used in antifreeze and polyester fibers. It is also used to produce other chemicals such as ethoxylates, which are employed in detergents, surfactants, and emulsifiers.

Eetüleenioksiidi is a known carcinogen and mutagen. Exposure can occur through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion. Due to its hazardous nature, strict safety precautions are necessary during its handling and storage. It is used as a sterilant for medical equipment, fumigant for agricultural products, and in laboratory settings for specific chemical syntheses. Its high reactivity allows it to readily open its ring structure in reactions with nucleophiles.