Dosimetraadid

Dosimetraadid, also known as dosimeters, are devices used to measure and record the amount of ionizing radiation received by an individual. They are essential tools in radiation protection, particularly in fields such as nuclear medicine, radiation therapy, and environmental monitoring. Dosimeters can be categorized into two main types: passive and active.

Passive dosimeters are simple and inexpensive devices that do not require a power source. They typically consist of a radiation-sensitive material, such as thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) or film badges, which change their properties when exposed to radiation. The amount of radiation absorbed can be determined by measuring these changes. Passive dosimeters are commonly used for personal monitoring and environmental radiation surveys.

Active dosimeters, on the other hand, require a power source and can provide real-time measurements of radiation levels. They often use electronic sensors to detect and record radiation. Active dosimeters are more complex and expensive than passive ones but offer the advantage of immediate data availability. They are particularly useful in situations where continuous monitoring is necessary, such as in nuclear power plants or during radiation therapy sessions.

Dosimeters are calibrated to provide accurate measurements of radiation dose, typically in units of sieverts (Sv) or rems. They are designed to protect individuals from the harmful effects of radiation by ensuring that exposure levels remain within safe limits. Regular use and maintenance of dosimeters are crucial for their reliability and effectiveness in radiation protection.