Dorsalsehnen

Dorsalsehnen are tendinous structures located on the dorsal (back) aspect of a limb or the body. In vertebrates they form part of the extensor system and transmit muscle force from proximal muscles to the distal skeleton, enabling the extension of joints such as those in the fingers or toes. They are composed of collagen-rich connective tissue and are often surrounded by tendon sheaths that allow smooth gliding under retinacula or under the skin.

In the human hand, dorsal tendons originate from extensor muscles in the forearm (for example extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, and extensor digiti minimi). These tendons travel along the back of the hand, cross the wrist under the extensor retinaculum, and insert into the phalanges via the extensor mechanism, facilitating finger extension. Similar dorsal tendons are present in the foot, where they extend the toes and contribute to foot dorsiflexion.

The arrangement and size of dorsal tendons vary among species, reflecting different locomotor and grasping demands. Clinically, injuries to dorsal tendons can impair extension and hand or foot function and may involve lacerations, tendonitis, or tenosynovitis. Treatment ranges from conservative therapy to surgical repair, depending on the extent of damage.

Overall, dorsalsehnen are essential components of the musculoskeletal system, linking dorsal musculature to skeletal elements and enabling outward extension and precise motor control across many vertebrates.