Doprowadzany

Doprowadzany is a Polish term that functions as a present passive participle of the verbs doprowadzić and doprowadzać, meaning to lead to or to bring about. It denotes an ongoing process in which someone or something causes another person to reach a particular state or condition. The phrase is often used with emotional or physical states, for example doprowadzany do rozpaczy (being driven to despair), doprowadzany do szału (being driven to fury), or doprowadzany do łez (being brought to tears). It emphasizes the continuity of the process rather than a completed result.

Grammatically, doprowadzany is an adjective-like participle that agrees with the noun it modifies in gender and number. The usual forms are doprowadzany (masculine singular), doprowadzana (feminine singular), and doprowadzane (neuter singular). In plural, forms vary by gender and animacy, as with other Polish participles. It can appear attributively, as in wypowiedź doprowadzana do gniewu, or predicatively within relative clauses.

Usage notes and contrasts: doprowadzany highlights ongoing influence or过程, whereas the corresponding past participle doprowadzony describes a state that has already been brought about as a result of a completed action. The verb pair doprowadzić/doprowadzać provides the perfective/imperfective aspect, and doprowadzany aligns with the imperfective sense when describing a continuing action or condition.

Etymology: the form derives from the prefix do- attached to prowadzać (to lead) in Polish, yielding the sense of bringing something to a target state.