Dióféléket

Dióféléket, commonly known as walnuts, refers to the fruit of trees belonging to the genus Juglans. This genus is part of the family Juglandaceae. The most commercially important species is Juglans regia, the common walnut or Persian walnut, native to Central Asia and the Himalayas. Other notable species include Juglans nigra, the black walnut, native to eastern North America, and Juglans cinerea, the butternut or white walnut, also native to eastern North America.

Walnuts are botanically classified as drupes, though they are more commonly referred to as nuts. The edible portion is the seed enclosed within a hard shell, which is itself encased in a fleshy husk. The husk typically turns green when young and matures to brown or black. The shell is irregular and wrinkled, making it difficult to crack. Inside the shell, the kernel is divided into two halves, often convoluted in appearance, and protected by a thin, papery skin.

These fruits are a rich source of protein, healthy fats, vitamins, and minerals. They are consumed fresh, roasted, or used in various culinary applications, including baking, confectionery, and as a salad topping. The oil extracted from walnuts is also used in cooking and cosmetics. Beyond their edible uses, walnut trees provide valuable timber, particularly the black walnut, which is prized for its dark, durable wood used in furniture and cabinetry. The husks can also be used as a natural dye.