Dihydridový

Dihydridový refers to a chemical compound or species that contains two hydrogen atoms directly bonded to a central atom, typically a metal. This term is often used in the context of coordination chemistry and organometallic chemistry. Dihydride complexes are a significant class of compounds due to their involvement in various catalytic processes, particularly those involving hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.

The structure of a dihydride complex usually involves two hydride ligands (H-) coordinated to a metal center. These hydride ligands can be cis or trans to each other, depending on the geometry of the metal complex. The electronic and steric properties of the ligands surrounding the metal, as well as the nature of the metal itself, influence the stability and reactivity of the dihydride.

Dihydride complexes are often intermediates in catalytic cycles. For example, in catalytic hydrogenation, an unsaturated substrate can react with a metal dihydride, leading to the addition of hydrogen. Conversely, in dehydrogenation, a saturated substrate can coordinate to a metal center, and subsequent elimination of hydrogen can form a dihydride species. The study of dihydride complexes is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of many important chemical transformations and for designing new catalysts.