Difusiooniga

Difusiooniga is Estonian for “with diffusion” and is used to describe processes or methods that occur by diffusion rather than by convection or active transport. In scientific writing it denotes that the mechanism involves the spread of particles from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration due to random thermal motion.

The physical basis of diffusion is Brownian motion of particles in a medium. When a concentration gradient exists, particles migrate to even out the distribution. This behavior is quantified by Fick’s laws. Fick’s first law states that the diffusive flux is proportional to the negative gradient of concentration, while Fick’s second law describes how concentration changes over time. The diffusion coefficient D summarizes how quickly a substance diffuses in a given medium and depends on temperature, the medium, and the diffusing species. The diffusion equation, ∂C/∂t = D∇²C, models how concentration C evolves in space and time.

Applications of diffusion span many fields. In chemistry and environmental science, diffusion governs mixing of gases and solutes. In biology, it enables passive transport of nutrients and gases across membranes. In materials science, diffusion drives processes such as annealing, alloying, and phase changes. In medicine, it underpins drug diffusion within tissues. In medical imaging, diffusion-weighted MRI uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast and reveal tissue structure.

Language usage notes indicate that difusiooniga is the instrumental/absolutive form used to indicate that an action or process proceeds by diffusion. See also Fick’s laws, diffusion coefficient, Brownian motion.