Dielektriski

Dielektriski refers to materials that are electrically insulating. These materials do not conduct electricity easily because their electrons are tightly bound to their atoms and cannot move freely. When an electric field is applied to a dielectric material, the electric charges within the material are slightly displaced, creating an induced polarization. This polarization opposes the applied electric field, effectively reducing the overall field strength within the material. This property is what makes dielectrics useful in electrical applications.

Common examples of dielectric materials include glass, rubber, plastic, and ceramics. The ability of a dielectric material to store electrical energy when subjected to an electric field is known as its permittivity. A higher permittivity indicates a greater ability to store energy. The dielectric strength of a material is its maximum electric field strength before it breaks down and begins to conduct. Dielectrics are essential components in capacitors, where they are used to increase capacitance and provide electrical insulation between conductive plates. They are also used as insulators in electrical wires and cables to prevent short circuits and ensure safety.