Diamagnétiques

Diamagnétiques refers to materials that are weakly repelled by an external magnetic field. This repulsion arises from the orbital motion of electrons within the atoms of the material. When an external magnetic field is applied, it induces a small magnetic moment in the atoms that opposes the applied field. This induced magnetic moment is independent of the temperature of the material and is present in all substances, although it is often masked by stronger magnetic effects like paramagnetism or ferromagnetism. Diamagnetic materials have a negative magnetic susceptibility, which is typically very small. Examples of diamagnetic materials include water, copper, bismuth, and organic compounds. In a strong magnetic field, a diamagnetic substance will be pushed away from the magnet. This phenomenon is the basis for some applications, such as magnetic levitation demonstrations and medical imaging techniques like MRI, which can detect the diamagnetic properties of tissues. The strength of the diamagnetic effect is generally much weaker than other magnetic phenomena, making it less common in everyday magnetic applications.